Effective Prevention in New Jersey

Targeting only one context when addressing a person’s risk or protective factors is unlikely to be successful because people don’t exist in isolation. For example:

For examples of protective factors and how they may be different in each community, please visit: https://cadcaworkstation.org/public/hawaii-pacific/Shared%20Resources/ Evidence%20Based%20Environmental%20Strategies/SAMHSA%20-%20 Marijuana%20Prevention%20Resources.pdf For more information on risk and protective factors, please visit: https://www.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/20190718-samhsa-risk-protec- tive-factors.pdf SAMHSA’s Risk & Protective Factors Pamphlet: https://documentcloud.adobe.com/link/review?uri=urn:aa- id:scds:US:84b858e4-2393-4f5d-9f2c-a1c747537c6e

society

communities

Relationships

In relationships , risk factors include parents who use drugs and alcohol or suffer from mental illness, child abuse and maltreatment, and inadequate supervision. In this context, positive parental involvement is an example of a protective factor.

In society , risk factors can include norms and laws favorable to substance use, as well as racism and a lack of economic opportunity. Protective factors

In communities , risk factors include neighborhood poverty and violence. Here, protective factors could include the availability of faith-based resources and after-school activities.

UNIVERSAL, SELECTIVE & INDICATED POPULATIONS The Institute of Medicine defines the various classifications of prevention based on the risks associated with the populations that help to identify the various levels of prevention service needs to consider in identifying the appropriate strategy, program or intervention to select, as listed below.

in this context would include

hate crime laws or policies limiting the availability of alcohol.

Research shows the more risk factors that exist, the higher rates of substance use disorder and other negative outcomes. Please note, many of these risk factors intersect with ACEs and can also increase the risk of negative mental health outcomes. Prevention strategies provide interventions that target multiple, not single, factors. For example, effective parenting has been shown to mediate the effects of multiple risk factors, including poverty, divorce, parental bereavement, and parental mental illness. The more we understand how risk and protective factors interact, the better prepared we will be to develop appropriate interventions. xvii

INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE CLASSIFICATION OF PREVENTION

Universal interventions address the entire population to delay or prevent substance misuse UNIVERSAL SELECTIVE Selective interventions target subpopulations at increased risk of substance use disorder INDICATED Indicated interventions target individuals who are using substances and are at risk of developing a substance use disorder

Shared Risk & Protective Factors

Substance Use Disorders Risk & Protective Factors

Mental Illness Risk & Protective Factors

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